Plagiarism
इस रिसर्च जर्नल में छपने वाले लेखक के रिसर्च पेपर में साहित्यिक चोरी किसी भी प्रकार से मिल जाती है तो हम लेखक के विरूद्ध एक कानूनी और उपयुक्त कार्रवाई भी करेंगे . हम हमारी वेब साइट से रिसर्च पेपर हटा देंगे , ऐसे कृत हेतु लेखक उसकी / उसके शोध पत्र के केवल पूर्ण जिम्मेदार होगा एवं मूल लेखक या प्रकाशक से वह स्वयम ही निपटेगा याद रखिए किसी भी लेखक की पुस्तक या शोध पत्र से सामग्री चुराना दंडनीय अपराध है
If any type of Plagiarism find in Author's Research Paper. We will do a Legal and suitable action againest Author. We will Remove the Research Paper from our web site, Author will be only full responsible of his/her Research Paper
Plagiarism
What is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism is the "wrongful appropriation" and "stealing and publication" of another author's "language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions" and the representation of them as one's own original work.[1][2] The idea remains problematic with unclear definitions and unclear rules.[3][4][5] The modern concept of plagiarism as immoral and originality as an ideal emerged in Europe only in the 18th century, particularly with the Romantic movement.
Plagiarism is considered academic dishonesty and a breach of journalistic ethics. It is subject to sanctions like penalties, suspension, and evenexpulsion.
Plagiarism is not a crime per se but in academia and industry, it is a serious ethical offense,[6][7] and cases of plagiarism can constitute copyright infringement.
Plagiarism is a very common form of corruption nowadays, and there are most of the people who are not aware of the rules of plagiarism. In fact, because of the introduction of the rules of the copyrights, plagiarism is considered as one of the most focused issues. Plagiarism can be complained at any level whether small or large, even a student can be accused of plagiarism in his school or a researcher in his written material. With the involvement of the electronic media in our professional and personal life the issue of plagiarism has also increased. In fact, sometimes the issue gets uncontrolled and there left no way to come with the solution Plagiarism is intentionally or unintentionally reproducing (copying, rewording, paraphrasing, adapting, etc) work that was produced by another person(s) without proper acknowledgement in an attempt to gain academic benefit. Intentionally or negligently allowing such reproduction to happen may also constitute plagiarism. Work that can be plagiarised includes: words (language), ideas, findings, writings, graphic representations, computer programs, diagrams, graphs, illustrations, creative work, information, lectures, printed material, electronic material, or any other original work created by someone else.
Need Of Plagiarism Checking?
There are many websites on the Internet on which the content has to be filtered so that the chances of plagiarism should be checked. Even at the small level like the schools and educational institutes, it needs to be checked because the habit of plagiarism is developed at this very level. In the professional fields like the research work, the issues of plagiarism are very common and therefore, sometimes it becomes very difficult to decide the creator of the innovative idea. The expansion on Internet is very fast and therefore the rate of plagiarism is increasing very fast. Therefore, in order to root out such issues related to plagiarism the plagiarism checking becomes very important in most of the fields either educational or professional.
How students plagiarise
In natural language (essay) assignments, students are required to acknowledge the source and authorship of material that was not originally authored by them, using quotation marks where appropriate and proper referencing. Here are some examples of plagiarism in essays.
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Copying another student’s work (or part of it) and passing it off as their own. A student that allows another student to copy their work is also liable for plagiarism.
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Copying material from one or more sources without providing proper acknowledgement(s).
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Paraphrasing text from one or more sources without providing proper indication and acknowledgement(s).
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Stealing someone else’s work and submitting it as their own.
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Employing someone else to do the work, or purchasing an essay from an online essay bank.
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Resubmitting work previously submitted for academic credit (self-plagiarism).
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Collaboration between one or more students to create an assignment when this is not permitted.
Examples of how students plagiarise in computer programs
In source-code assignments, students are required to acknowledge the source and authorship of the source-code that was not originally authored by them, within the program source-code (in the format of a comment) and in the appropriate documentation. Here are some examples of plagiarism in source-code assignments identified by Cosma and Joy (2006).
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Reproducing/copying source-code without making alterations and without providing proper acknowledgements.
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Minimally or moderately adapting source-code authored by someone else without providing proper acknowledgements.
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Converting an entire or part of someone else’s source-code to a similar programming language.
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Using code-generating software for creating code without providing acknowledgement of this fact.
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Paying someone else to create the program.
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Collaborating with another student to create a programming assignment when collaboration is not permitted.
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· Ways for Plagiarism Checking
· To check the plagiarism rate most of the states have openly declared plagiarism, as a criminal act and the individual who involves in plagiarism have to pay for it. The laws of copyrights are also very strict and are being followed at the international level. There are many other ways to check plagiarism; like the first thing is the tag of price on most of the written things. Most of the research articles available on the Internet can be downloaded only after paying a specific amount. By following this way up to a certain limit plagiarism can be controlled but not at higher level. But the basic aim of promotion of internet technology is to provide the easy access of knowledge therefore, such practices hinders the purpose of internet for those who want to get free access to information, therefore there are many software through which the plagiarism can be controlled. One of the software used for the free checking of plagiarism is www.duplichecker.com. This software is far better than the search engines for duplication checking because a search engine comes up with a limited search on your required material but such software is specifically aimed to find out the plagiarism, or the copy paste text from the other websites.
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On the other hand, the rules of copyright are very rigid like in the case of the duplication of the research paper; the one who has not already registered his writings is accused of plagiarism. Even if you are coming up with the new technological innovation, you can get the copyrights so that no plagiarism can occur. All the tools of plagiarism checking can help you a lot for securing your original documents from being pledged. Still more and more ways has been found out and it will further control the plagiarism. The major step of controlling plagiarism is to make the people aware of the types of plagiarism and the results of plagiarism. There are different punishments on the small levels for the students, which will inhibit from developing the habit of plagiarism.
Legal aspects
Although plagiarism in some contexts is considered theft or stealing, the concept does not exist in a legal sense. "Plagiarism" is not mentioned in any current statute, either criminal or civil.[10][7] Some cases may be treated as unfair competition or a violation of the doctrine of moral rights.[7]The increased availability of intellectual property due to a rise in technology has furthered the debate as to whether copyright offences are criminal.[citation needed] In short, people are asked to use the guideline, "...if you did not write it yourself, you must give credit."
Plagiarism is not the same as copyright infringement. While both terms may apply to a particular act, they are different concepts, and false claims of authorship may constitute plagiarism regardless of whether the material is protected by copyright.
Copyright infringement is a violation of the rights of a copyright holder, when material whose use is restricted by copyright is used without consent. Plagiarism, in contrast, is concerned with the unearned increment to the plagiarizing author's reputation that is achieved through false claims of authorship. Thus, plagiarism is considered a moral offense against the plagiarist's audience (for example, a reader, listener, or teacher).
Plagiarism is also considered a moral offense against anyone who has provided the plagiarist with a benefit in exchange for what is specifically supposed to be original content (for example, the plagiarist's publisher, employer, or teacher). In such cases, acts of plagiarism may sometimes also form part of a claim for breach of the plagiarist's contract, or, if done knowingly, for a civil wrong.
In academia and journalism
Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered academic dishonesty or academic fraud, and offenders are subject to academic censure, up to and including expulsion. Many institutions use plagiarism detection software to uncover potential plagiarism and to deter students from plagiarizing. In journalism, plagiarism is considered a breach of journalistic ethics, and reporters caught plagiarizing typically face disciplinary measures ranging from suspension to termination of employment. Some individuals caught plagiarizing in academic or journalistic contexts claim that they plagiarized unintentionally, by failing to include quotations or give the appropriate citation. While plagiarism in scholarship and journalism has a centuries-old history, the development of the Internet, where articles appear as electronic text, has made the physical act of copying the work of others much easier. Premised upon an expected level of learning/comprehension having been achieved, all associated academic accreditation becomes seriously undermined if plagiarism is allowed to become the norm within academic submissions. For professors and researchers,
plagiarism is punished by sanctions ranging from suspension to termination, along with the loss of credibility and perceived integrity. Charges of plagiarism against students and professors are typically heard by internal disciplinary committees, by which students and professors have agreed to be bound.
Academia
One form of academic plagiarism involves appropriating a published article and modifying it slightly to avoid suspicion.
Plagiarism is defined in multiple ways in higher education institutions and universities. For example:
· Stanford sees plagiarism as the "use, without giving reasonable and appropriate credit to or acknowledging the author or source, of another person's original work, whether such work is made up of code, formulas, ideas, language, research, strategies, writing or other form."[17]
· Yale views plagiarism as the "... use of another's work, words, or ideas without attribution," which includes "... using a source's language without quoting, using information from a source without attribution, and paraphrasing a source in a form that stays too close to the original."[18]
· Princeton perceives plagiarism as the "deliberate" use of "someone else's language, ideas, or other original (not common-knowledge) material without acknowledging its source."[19]
· Oxford College of Emory University characterizes plagiarism as the use of "a writer's ideas or phraseology without giving due credit."[20]
· Brown defines plagiarism as "... appropriating another person's ideas or words (spoken or written) without attributing those word or ideas to their true source."[21]
Journalism[edit]
Since journalism relies on the public trust, a reporter's failure to honestly acknowledge their sources undercuts a newspaper or television news show's integrity and undermines its credibility. Journalists accused of plagiarism are often suspended from their reporting tasks while the charges are being investigated by the news organization.[22]
The ease with which electronic text can be reproduced from online sources has lured a number of reporters into acts of plagiarism. Journalists have been caught "copying and pasting" articles and text from a number of websites.[citation needed]
Sanctions for student plagiarism[edit]
In the academic world, plagiarism by students is usually considered a very serious offense that can result in punishments such as a failing grade on the particular assignment, the entire course, or even being expelled from the institution. Generally, the punishment increases as a person enters higher institutions of learning. For cases of repeated plagiarism, or for cases in which a student commits severe plagiarism (e.g., submitting a copied piece of writing as original work), suspension or expulsion is likely.[23] A plagiarism tariff has been devised for UK higher education institutions in an attempt to encourage some standardization of this academic problem.[24]
Self-plagiarism
Self-plagiarism (also known as "recycling fraud"[25]) is the reuse of significant, identical, or nearly identical portions of one's own work without acknowledging that one is doing so or without citing the original work. Articles of this nature are often referred to as duplicate or multiple publication. In addition there can be a copyright issue if copyright of the prior work has been transferred to another entity. Typically, self-plagiarism is only considered a serious ethical issue in settings where someone asserts that a publication consist of new material, such as in publishing or factual documentation.[26] It does not apply to public-interest texts, such as social, professional, and cultural opinions usually published in newspapers and magazines.
In academic fields, self-plagiarism occurs when an author reuses portions of his own published and copyrighted work in subsequent publications, but without attributing the previous publication.[27] Identifying self-plagiarism is often difficult because limited reuse of material is accepted both legally (as fair use) and ethically.[28]
It is common for university researchers to rephrase and republish their own work, tailoring it for different academic journals and newspaper articles, to disseminate their work to the widest possible interested public. However, these researchers also obey limits: If half an article is the same as a previous one, it is usually rejected. One of the functions of the process of peer review in academic writing is to prevent this type of "recycling".[citation needed]
Self-plagiarism occurs when a student reuses entire or parts of his/her own work that was previously assessed for academic credit and submits it as part of another work without providing proper acknowledgement of this fact. Some university regulations address the issue of self-plagiarism in their university handbooks. For example, the Department of English at the University of Bristol has an undergraduate handbook with a section called Advice on study skills. The following quote is an extract from their handbook (2005).
“The Department will also regard, for assessment purposes, the re-use of your own essays as ‘self-plagiarism‘. While you may return to the same subjects or works in essays for different units, or within a unit, to avoid self-plagiarism you must not only avoid the verbatim or near-verbatim re-use of previously submitted essays in part or whole, but also ensure that your return to the same subjects or works involves a rethinking of your ideas. Self-plagiarism is also a serious disciplinary matter.”
The concept of self-plagiarism
The concept of "self-plagiarism" has been challenged as being self-contradictory, an oxymoron,[29] and on other grounds.[30]
For example, Stephanie J. Bird[31] argues that self-plagiarism is a misnomer, since by definition plagiarism concerns the use of others' material.
However, the phrase is used to refer to specific forms of unethical publication. Bird identifies the ethical issues of "self-plagiarism" as those of "dual or redundant publication." She also notes that in an educational context, "self-plagiarism" refers to the case of a student who resubmits "the same essay for credit in two different courses." As David B. Resnik clarifies, "Self-plagiarism involves dishonesty but not intellectual theft."[32]
According to Patrick M. Scanlon[33]
"Self-plagiarism" is a term with some specialized currency. Most prominently, it is used in discussions of research and publishing integrity in biomedicine, where heavy publish-or-perish demands have led to a rash of duplicate and "salami-slicing" publication, the reporting of a single study's results in "least publishable units" within multiple articles (Blancett, Flanagin, & Young, 1995; Jefferson, 1998; Kassirer & Angell, 1995; Lowe, 2003; McCarthy, 1993; Schein & Paladugu, 2001; Wheeler, 1989). Roig (2002) offers a useful classification system including four types of self-plagiarism: duplicate publication of an article in more than one journal; partitioning of one study into multiple publications, often called salami-slicing; text recycling; and copyright infringement.
Self-plagiarism and codes of ethics
Some academic journals have codes of ethics that specifically refer to self-plagiarism. For example, the Journal of International Business Studies.[34]
Some professional organizations like the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) have created policies that deal specifically with self-plagiarism.[35]
Other organizations do not make specific reference to self-plagiarism:
The American Political Science Association (APSA) published a code of ethics that describes plagiarism as "...deliberate appropriation of the works of others represented as one's own." It does not make any reference to self-plagiarism. It does say that when a thesis or dissertation is published "in whole or in part", the author is "not ordinarily under an ethical obligation to acknowledge its origins."[36]
The American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) published a code of ethics that says its members are committed to: "Ensure that others receive credit for their work and contributions," but it makes no reference to self-plagiarism.[37]
Factors that justify reuse
Pamela Samuelson, in 1994, identified several factors she says excuse reuse of one's previously published work, that make it not self-plagiarism.[28] She relates each of these factors specifically to the ethical issue of self-plagiarism, as distinct from the legal issue of fair use of copyright, which she deals with separately. Among other factors that may excuse reuse of previously published material Samuelson lists the following:
1. The previous work must be restated to lay the groundwork for a new contribution in the second work.
2. Portions of the previous work must be repeated to deal with new evidence or arguments.
3. The audience for each work is so different that publishing the same work in different places is necessary to get the message out.
4. The author thinks they said it so well the first time that it makes no sense to say it differently a second time.
Samuelson states she has relied on the "different audience" rationale when attempting to bridge interdisciplinary communities. She refers to writing for different legal and technical communities, saying: "there are often paragraphs or sequences of paragraphs that can be bodily lifted from one article to the other. And, in truth, I lift them." She refers to her own practice of converting "a technical article into a law review article with relatively few changes—adding footnotes and one substantive section" for a different audience.[28]
Samuelson describes misrepresentation as the basis of self-plagiarism.[28] She also states "Although it seems not to have been raised in any of the self-plagiarism cases, copyrights law's fair use defense would likely provide a shield against many potential publisher claims of copyright infringement against authors who reused portions of their previous works."[28]
Organizational publications[edit]
Plagiarism is presumably not an issue when organizations issue collective unsigned works since they do not assign credit for originality to particular people. For example, the American Historical Association's "Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct" (2005) regarding textbooks and reference books states that, since textbooks and encyclopedias are summaries of other scholars' work, they are not bound by the same exacting standards of attribution as original research and may be allowed a greater "extent of dependence" on other works.[38] However, even such a book does not make use of words, phrases, or paragraphs from another text or follow too closely the other text's arrangement and organization, and the authors of such texts are also expected to "acknowledge the sources of recent or distinctive findings and interpretations, those not yet a part of the common understanding of the profession
Through all of the history of literature and of the arts in general, works of art are for a large part repetitions of the tradition; to the entire history of artistic creativity belong plagiarism, literary theft,appropriation, incorporation, retelling, rewriting, recapitulation, revision, reprise, thematic variation, ironic retake, parody, imitation, stylistic theft, pastiches, collages, and deliberateassemblages.[3][39][10][40][41][42] There is no rigorous and precise distinction between practices like imitation, stylistic plagiarism, copy, replica and forgery.[3][4][5][43] These appropriation procedures are the main axis of a literate culture, in which the tradition of the canonic past is being constantly rewritten.[42]
Ruth Graham quotes T.S. Eliot—"Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal. Bad poets deface what they take."—she notes that despite the "taboo" of plagiarism, readers seem to often forgive the past excesses of historic literary offenders.[44]
Praisings of artistic plagiarism
Sterne's Writings, in which it is clearly shewn, that he, whose manner and style were so long thought original, was, in fact, the most unhesitating plagiarist who ever cribbed from his predecessors in order to garnish his own pages. It must be owned, at the same time, that Sterne selects the materials of his mosaic work with so much art, places them so well, and polishes them so highly, that in most cases we are disposed to pardon the want of originality, in consideration of the exquisite talent with which the borrowed materials are wrought up into the new form.[46]
Plagiarism on the Internet
Content scraping is copying and pasting from websites[47] and blogs.[48]
Free online tools are becoming available to help identify plagiarism,[49][50] and there are a range of approaches that attempt to limit online copying, such as disabling right clicking and placing warning banners regarding copyrights on web pages. Instances of plagiarism that involve copyright violation may be addressed by the rightful content owners sending a DMCA removal notice to the offending site-owner, or to the ISPthat is hosting the offending site.
इस रिसर्च जर्नल में छपने वाले लेखक के रिसर्च पेपर में साहित्यिक चोरी किसी भी प्रकार से मिल जाती है तो हम लेखक के विरूद्ध एक कानूनी और उपयुक्त कार्रवाई भी करेंगे . हम हमारी वेब साइट से रिसर्च पेपर हटा देंगे , ऐसे कृत हेतु लेखक उसकी / उसके शोध पत्र के केवल पूर्ण जिम्मेदार होगा एवं मूल लेखक या प्रकाशक से वह स्वयम ही निपटेगा याद रखिए किसी भी लेखक की पुस्तक या शोध पत्र से सामग्री चुराना दंडनीय अपराध है
साहित्यिक चोरी
. साहित्यिक चोरी और विकिपीडिया : कॉपीराइट उल्लंघन विकिपीडिया से, मुक्त विश्वकोश , अन्य उपयोगों के लिए, साहित्यिक चोरी ( बहुविकल्पी) देखें , साहित्यिक चोरी के विषय में विकिपीडिया नीतियों के लिए, विकिपीडिया देखें.
साहित्यिक चोरी क्या है ?
साहित्यिक चोरी एक और लेखक के ' भाषा , विचार, विचारों , या अभिव्यक्ति " और एक के अपने मूल काम के रूप में उनमें से प्रतिनिधित्व की " गलत तरीके से विनियोग " और " चोरी और प्रकाशन " है . [ 1] [2 ] विचार अस्पष्ट परिभाषा के साथ समस्याग्रस्त रहता है और अस्पष्ट नियम . [3] [ 4] [5 ] एक आदर्श के रूप में अनैतिक और मौलिकता के रूप में साहित्यिक चोरी की आधुनिक अवधारणा विशेष रूप प्रेमपूर्ण आंदोलन के साथ , केवल 18 वीं सदी में यूरोप में उभरा .
साहित्यिक चोरी शैक्षिक बेईमानी और पत्रकारिता के आदर्शों का उल्लंघन माना जाता है. यह दंड , निलंबन , और evenexpulsion तरह के प्रतिबंधों के अधीन है .
साहित्यिक चोरी से प्रति एक अपराध नहीं है लेकिन शिक्षाविदों और उद्योग में , यह एक गंभीर नैतिक अपराध है , [6 ] [7] और साहित्यिक चोरी के मामलों कॉपीराइट का उल्लंघन गठन कर सकते हैं .
साहित्यिक चोरी आजकल भ्रष्टाचार के एक बहुत ही आम रूप है , और साहित्यिक चोरी के नियमों की जानकारी नहीं है जो लोगों की सबसे अधिक कर रहे हैं . वास्तव में, क्योंकि कॉपीराइट के नियमों की शुरुआत की , साहित्यिक चोरी सबसे केंद्रित मुद्दों में से एक के रूप में माना जाता है. साहित्यिक चोरी चाहे छोटे या बड़े किसी भी स्तर पर शिकायत की जा सकती है , यहां तक कि एक छात्र ने अपने लिखित सामग्री में अपने स्कूल या एक शोधकर्ता में साहित्यिक चोरी का आरोप लगाया जा सकता है . हमारे पेशेवर और निजी जीवन में इलेक्ट्रॉनिक मीडिया की भागीदारी के साथ साहित्यिक चोरी का मुद्दा भी बढ़ गया है . वास्तव में, कभी कभी इस मुद्दे को अनियंत्रित और साहित्यिक चोरी जानबूझकर या अनजाने ( आदि , आदत डाल , टीका , नकल , rewording ) एक में उचित रसीद के बिना किसी अन्य व्यक्ति ( एस) द्वारा तैयार की गई थी कि काम reproducing है समाधान के साथ आने के लिए कोई रास्ता नहीं छोड़ा जाता है शैक्षिक लाभ प्राप्त करने का प्रयास . जानबूझकर या लापरवाही ऐसी प्रजनन होने की अनुमति भी साहित्यिक चोरी का गठन हो सकता है. शब्द ( भाषा ) , विचारों , निष्कर्ष , लेखन , ग्राफिक अभ्यावेदन , कंप्यूटर प्रोग्राम , चित्र, रेखांकन , चित्र , रचनात्मक कार्य , जानकारी , व्याख्यान, मुद्रित सामग्री , इलेक्ट्रॉनिक सामग्री , या द्वारा बनाई गई किसी अन्य मूल काम : plagiarized किया जा सकता है कि काम भी शामिल है किसी और को .
साहित्यिक चोरी की जाँच की आवश्यकता है?
सामग्री साहित्यिक चोरी की संभावना की जाँच की जानी चाहिए ताकि फ़िल्टर किया जाना है जिस पर इंटरनेट पर कई वेबसाइटें हैं. यहां तक कि स्कूलों और शिक्षण संस्थानों की तरह छोटे स्तर पर , यह साहित्यिक चोरी की आदत यह बहुत ही स्तर पर विकसित की है क्योंकि जाँच की जरूरत है . शोध कार्य जैसे व्यावसायिक क्षेत्रों में , साहित्यिक चोरी के मुद्दों बहुत आम हैं और इसलिए , कभी कभी यह अभिनव विचार के निर्माता तय करने के लिए बहुत मुश्किल हो जाता है . इंटरनेट पर विस्तार बहुत तेजी से और इसलिए साहित्यिक चोरी की दर बहुत तेजी से बढ़ रही है है . इसलिए, साहित्यिक चोरी से संबंधित इस तरह के मुद्दों को जड़ क्रम में साहित्यिक चोरी चेकिंग शैक्षिक या पेशेवर या तो खेतों के अधिकांश में बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हो जाता है .
छात्रों plagiarise कैसे
प्राकृतिक भाषा ( निबंध ) कार्य में छात्रों को उद्धरण चिह्नों जहां उपयुक्त और उचित संदर्भ का उपयोग , मूल रूप से उनके द्वारा लिखी नहीं किया गया था कि सामग्री के स्रोत और ग्रन्थकारिता स्वीकार करने के लिए आवश्यक हैं . यहाँ निबंध में साहित्यिक चोरी के कुछ उदाहरण हैं .
एक और छात्र काम ( या इसके अंश) को कॉपी करने और अपने स्वयं के रूप में इसे बंद गुजर • . एक अन्य छात्र को अपने काम की नकल करने की अनुमति देता है कि एक छात्र को भी साहित्यिक चोरी के लिए उत्तरदायी है .
• उचित पावती (ओं ) उपलब्ध कराने के बिना एक या एक से अधिक स्रोतों से सामग्री नकल.
• उचित संकेत और पावती (ओं ) उपलब्ध कराने के बिना एक या एक से अधिक स्रोतों से पाठ Paraphrasing .
• किसी और का काम चोरी और अपने स्वयं के रूप में इसे प्रस्तुत करने .
• किसी और काम करने के लिए रोजगार, या एक ऑनलाइन निबंध बैंक से एक निबंध खरीद .
• पुनः सबमिट काम पहले से शैक्षिक ऋण ( आत्म - साहित्यिक चोरी ) के लिए प्रस्तुत की.
इस अनुमति नहीं है जब एक काम बनाने के लिए एक या एक से अधिक छात्रों के बीच सहयोग • .
छात्रों को कंप्यूटर प्रोग्राम में plagiarise के उदाहरण
स्रोत कोड के कार्य में, छात्रों ( एक टिप्पणी के प्रारूप में ) प्रोग्राम स्रोत कोड के भीतर और उचित दस्तावेज में , मूल रूप से उनके द्वारा लिखी नहीं किया गया था कि स्रोत कोड के स्रोत और ग्रन्थकारिता स्वीकार करने के लिए आवश्यक हैं . यहाँ Cosma और जोय (2006 ) द्वारा की पहचान स्रोत कोड के कार्य में साहित्यिक चोरी के कुछ उदाहरण हैं .
• परिवर्तन बनाने के बिना और उचित स्वीकृतियां उपलब्ध कराने के बिना reproducing / नकल स्रोत कोड .
• न्यूनतम या मामूली उचित स्वीकृतियां उपलब्ध कराने के बिना किसी और ने लिखी स्रोत कोड आदत डाल .
• परिवर्तित एक पूरी या इसी तरह की प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा के लिए किसी और का स्रोत कोड का हिस्सा है.
• इस तथ्य की रसीद उपलब्ध कराने के बिना कोड बनाने के लिए कोड पैदा सॉफ्टवेयर का उपयोग करना.
• किसी और कार्यक्रम बनाने के लिए भर रहे है.
• सहयोग की अनुमति नहीं है जब एक प्रोग्रामिंग काम बनाने के लिए एक और छात्र के साथ सहयोग करें.
•
• साहित्यिक चोरी के लिए तरीके जाँच हो रही है
• एक आपराधिक कृत्य है और साहित्यिक चोरी में शामिल है , जो व्यक्तिगत रूप से इसके लिए भुगतान किया है , राज्यों के सबसे खुले तौर पर साहित्यिक चोरी की घोषणा की है साहित्यिक चोरी दर जांच करने के लिए . कॉपीराइट का कानून भी बहुत सख्त हैं और अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर पीछा किया जा रहा है. साहित्यिक चोरी की जांच करने के लिए कई अन्य तरीके हैं; पहली बात लिखित चीजों के अधिकांश पर कीमत का टैग है की तरह . इंटरनेट पर उपलब्ध अनुसंधान लेखों के अधिकांश केवल एक विशेष राशि के भुगतान के बाद डाउनलोड किया जा सकता है . एक निश्चित सीमा साहित्यिक चोरी के लिए इस रास्ते का अनुसरण करके उच्च स्तर पर नियंत्रित नहीं बल्कि किया जा सकता है . लेकिन इंटरनेट प्रौद्योगिकी को बढ़ावा देने के मूल उद्देश्य इसलिए साहित्यिक चोरी से नियंत्रित किया जा सकता है , जिसके माध्यम से कई सॉफ्टवेयर रहे हैं , इस तरह के व्यवहार की जानकारी के लिए स्वतंत्र पहुँच प्राप्त करना चाहते हैं के लिए इंटरनेट का उद्देश्य hinders , इसलिए ज्ञान की आसान पहुंच प्रदान करना है . साहित्यिक चोरी की नि: शुल्क जांच के लिए इस्तेमाल किया सॉफ्टवेयर में से एक www.duplichecker.com है . एक खोज इंजन अपने आवश्यक सामग्री लेकिन इस तरह के सॉफ्टवेयर विशेष रूप से साहित्यिक चोरी पता लगाने के लिए उद्देश्य से है , या अन्य वेबसाइटों से कॉपी पेस्ट पाठ पर एक सीमित खोज के साथ आता है क्योंकि इस सॉफ्टवेयर की जाँच के दोहराव के लिए खोज इंजन की तुलना में कहीं बेहतर है .
• दूसरी ओर, कॉपीराइट के नियमों शोध पत्र के दोहराव के मामले में की तरह बहुत कठोर होते हैं ; पहले से ही उनके लेखन पंजीकृत नहीं किया गया है , जो एक साहित्यिक चोरी का आरोप लगाया है . आप नई तकनीकी नवाचार के साथ आ रहे हैं यहां तक कि अगर कोई साहित्यिक चोरी हो सकता है , इसलिए है कि आप कॉपीराइट प्राप्त कर सकते हैं . साहित्यिक चोरी की जाँच के सभी उपकरणों का वादा किया जा रहा से अपने मूल दस्तावेज हासिल करने के लिए आप एक बहुत मदद कर सकते हैं . फिर भी अधिक से अधिक तरीकों से बाहर पाया गया है और यह आगे साहित्यिक चोरी का नियंत्रण रहेगा . साहित्यिक चोरी को नियंत्रित करने का बड़ा कदम साहित्यिक चोरी के प्रकार और साहित्यिक चोरी के परिणामों के लोगों को जागरूक बनाने के लिए है . साहित्यिक चोरी की आदत विकसित करने से रोकना होगा जो छात्रों के लिए छोटे स्तरों पर अलग दंड , कर रहे हैं . कानूनी पहलुओं कुछ संदर्भों में साहित्यिक चोरी चोरी या चोरी माना जाता है, अवधारणा एक कानूनी अर्थों में मौजूद नहीं है . कारण बौद्धिक संपदा की " साहित्यिक चोरी " आपराधिक या सिविल , या तो किसी भी मौजूदा क़ानून में उल्लेख नहीं किया है . [10 ] [7 ] कुछ मामलों अनुचित प्रतिस्पर्धा या नैतिक अधिकार के सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन के रूप में इलाज किया जा सकता है . [7 ] वृद्धि की उपलब्धता प्रौद्योगिकी के क्षेत्र में वृद्धि के लिए कॉपीराइट अपराधों आपराधिक रहे हैं कि क्या करने के रूप में बहस furthered है . संक्षेप में [ प्रशस्ति पत्र की जरूरत ] , लोग , दिशानिर्देश उपयोग करने के लिए कहा जाता है " ... आप खुद ही लिख नह